Hydrogen

Will ethane form a Hydrogen bond with water?

Will ethane form a Hydrogen bond with water? Why or why not?

For hydrogen bond formation, two conditions MUST be meet
1. A “loosely” bonded hydrogen with a partial positive charges, or in other words, a polar covalent bond,
2. A highly electronegative atom (these are usually F, Cl, O) in a polar bond with a partial negative charge.

Water has loosely bound hydrogen attached to oxygen via a polar covalent bond so the Hydrogen In Water will form a Hydrogen Bonds with just about any highly electronegative atom, same with the oxygen. However, ethane, a hydrocarbon, is that a “loosely” bound hydrogen, the elctronegativity difference between C and H is (H = 2.20, C = 2.55) 2.55 – 2.20 = 0.35.
If the result is between 0.4 and 1.7 then, generally, the bond is polar covalent. Less it is non-polar and more, it is ionic.
In the case of hydrogen and carbon it is 0.35, therefore it is a nonpolar covalent bond and the electron are shared “EQUALLY” by the two atoms, hence the bond CAN NOT be polar, therefore there CAN NOT be a charge separation in the molecule so ethane (C2H6) is nonpolar.

We already discussed that for a hydrogen bond, you MUST have a loosely bond hydrogen in a polar covalent bond, there fore ethane CAN NOT form a hydrogen bond with water!

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